The European Environmental Liability Directive aims to ensure that damaged habitats are restored where possible, but allows for complementary remediation with replacement habitat where restoration is not possible within a reasonable time. While some damage categories are easily quantifiable, others are not. Resource damages could be classified into market-based losses and non-market losses. Cleanup and response costs as well as resource losses with commercial values are relatively straightforward to quantify. However, non-market losses pose a significant challenge in the economic assessment of damages. Those losses typically include decreased ecological value provided by wildlife habitat as well as diminished recreational benefits and public enjoyment of the natural resource such as recreational fishing or swimming. Those non-market or “intangible” damages present a category with the widest spread of potential monetary losses, where often no quantification technique exists for use in resource damage litigation. However, valuing environmental damage remediation and liability is a quite necessary instrument, first to restore any environmental damage occurred and second to relate the natural resource lose and ecosystem services with monetary value.